Key question
Where did complex cells come from?
Check your understanding
Find an example, an application and a limit. Explain the concept without using its name, then compare your explanation with a primary source.
Loading your learning…
Claims to examine
Endosymbiosis and archaeal ancestry are central constraints on accounts of eukaryotic origins.
Follow a learning route
Where did complex cells come from?
Follow the evidence for endosymbiosis, archaeal ancestry and the timing of mitochondrial acquisition.